Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wili mua ʻana o nā mea maka, aia ka nui o ka ea i nā mea maka, a ʻaʻole like ke ʻano o ka ʻōpala lepo i loaʻa ma o ka paʻi kānana.Inā hoʻohana pololei ʻia ka keke lepo me ka ʻano like ʻole no ka hana ʻana, e hōʻemi ʻole ʻia ke kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka wā e maloʻo ai a puhi ʻia, e hopena ai i ka deformation a me nā māwae.Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa koʻikoʻi, koi ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka ʻāpana lepo e hiki ma waena o 0.095-0.1.ʻO kekahi mea maikaʻi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻōpala ʻōpala ʻo ia ka hana ʻana o ka ʻōpala lepo i kahi nui o ka ʻāpana lepo, kahi kūpono no ka lawe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.Hāʻawi ia i ka maʻalahi no ka hana ʻana ma hope.

ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ʻāpana lepo ʻōpala i loko o kahi mahana a me kahi ʻāina haʻahaʻa no kekahi manawa, ua kapa ʻia kēia hana ʻo staleness.ʻO nā hana nui o ka staleness: e hoʻomāhele like i ka wai i loko o ka lepo ma o ka hana a ka capillary;hoʻonui i ka ʻike o ka humic acid, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka viscosity o ka lepo, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana;hiki mai kekahi oxidation a me ka ho'ēmi ʻana e hoʻokuʻu a ʻaʻahu ka lepo.Ma hope o ka ʻelemakule, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka ikaika o ke kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia ka manawa o ka deformation i ka wā o ke kī ʻana.ʻO ka maʻamau he 5-7 mau lā no ka pala, a he 3 mau lā no ka wikiwiki.Ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ka wā kahiko, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka deformed o ka huahana ma muli o ka maʻemaʻe ʻole a me nā ʻūlū ea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana.